|
The New Testament provides two accounts of the genealogy of Jesus, one in the Gospel of Luke and another in the Gospel of Matthew. Matthew's starts with Abraham, while Luke begins with Adam. The lists are identical between Abraham and David, but differ radically from that point. Traditional Christian scholars (starting with the historian Eusebius〔Eusebius Pamphilius, ''Church history, Life of Constantine'' §VII.〕) have put forward various theories that seek to explain why the lineages are so different,〔R. T. France, ''The Gospel According to Matthew: An Introduction and Commentary'' (Eerdmans, 1985) page 71-72.〕 such as that Matthew's account follows the lineage of Joseph, while Luke's follows the lineage of Mary. Modern biblical scholars such as Marcus J. Borg and John Dominic Crossan see both genealogies as inventions, conforming to Jewish literary convention.〔Marcus J. Borg, John Dominic Crossan, The First Christmas (HarperCollins, 2009) page 95.〕 ==Matthew's genealogy== Matthew 1:1–17 begins the Gospel, "A record of the origin of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham: Abraham begot Isaac…" and continues on until "…and Jacob begot Joseph, the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ. Thus there were fourteen generations in all from Abraham to David, fourteen from David to the exile to Babylon, and fourteen from the exile to the Christ." Matthew emphasizes, right from the beginning, Jesus' title ''Christ''—the Greek rendering of the Hebrew title ''Messiah''—meaning ''anointed'', in the sense of an anointed king. Jesus is presented as the long-awaited Messiah, who was expected to be a descendant of King David. Matthew begins by calling Jesus ''the son of David'', indicating his royal origin, and also ''son of Abraham'', indicating that he was a Jew; both are stock phrases, in which ''son'' means ''descendant'', calling to mind the promises God made to David and to Abraham. Matthew's introductory title (, ''book of generations'') has been interpreted in various ways, but most likely is simply a title for the genealogy that follows, echoing the Septuagint use of the same phrase for genealogies.〔 Matthew's genealogy is considerably more complex than Luke's. It is overtly schematic, organized into three tesseradecads (sets of fourteen), each of a distinct character: *The first is rich in annotations, including four mothers and mentioning the brothers of Judah and the brother Zerah of Perez. *The second spans the Davidic royal line, but omits several generations, ending with "Jeconiah and his brothers at the time of the exile to Babylon." *The last, which appears to span only thirteen generations, connects Joseph to Zerubbabel through a series of otherwise unknown names, remarkably few for such a long period. The total of 42 generations is achieved only by omitting several names, so the choice of three sets of fourteen seems deliberate. Various explanations have been suggested: fourteen is twice seven, symbolizing perfection and covenant, and is also the gematria (numerical value) of the name ''David''.〔 The rendering into Greek of Hebrew names in this genealogy is mostly in accord with the Septuagint, but there are a few peculiarities. The form ''Asaph'' seems to identify King Asa with the psalmist Asaph. Likewise, some see the form ''Amos'' for King Amon as suggesting the prophet Amos, though the Septuagint does have this form. Both may simply be assimilations to more familiar names. More interesting, though, are the unique forms ''Boes'' (Boaz, LXX ''Boos'') and ''Rachab'' (Rahab, LXX ''Raab''). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Genealogy of Jesus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|